The credit score is a three-digit number, which is the measure of your credit worthiness. The credit score is calculated by using a mathematical model. Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) scoring model is accepted as the standard method of calculation by most creditors and financial institutions.
5 factors affecting credit score
There are 5 factors on which the FICO score depends. By monitoring all the 5 factors, you can secure a good credit score. Check out the factors that affect the credit score, and know how you can keep them under your control.
- Payment Records - This is the most important factor and amounts to almost 35% of the credit score. It determines how regular you have been with your payments. It is always best to make timely payments. Paying before the due date could sometimes help to raise the credit score by few points.
If you have some delinquent or "charged-off" accounts that are adversely affecting your credit score, the best option would be to pay them off. The negative remarks may remain on the credit report even after you have paid them off. But, more than often creditors are more interested in the fact that you have tried to repair your credit by paying off old debts.
- Outstanding Debt – This factor constitutes 30% of the credit score. This is a ratio of the amounts you owe to the creditor to your credit limit. It is always best to keep the credit utilization rate between 35-50%, even if you make timely payments. The lower your credit utilization rate, the better will be your credit score.
- Length of Credit History - It amounts to 15% of the credit score. A longer credit history has a good impact on the credit score. So, if you have multiple credit cards, you can choose to close the newer ones. You can ask a relative or family member to add you as an authorized user to any of their old credit accounts. This will give a boost to your credit score.
- Type of Credit Account – About 10% of the credit score depends on the type of the credit accounts you have. Unsecured credit card accounts are not enough to build a good credit history. You should have a good credit mix. If you have a student loan or an auto loan that you pay off in installments, along with the revolving credit card accounts, you will have a better credit score.
- New Credit Accounts - You should apply for a new credit card only when you need it. Each time you apply for a new line of credit, there is a hard inquiry from the creditor on your credit report. One hard inquiry lowers your score by almost 2 to 50 points, and stays on your credit report for about 2 years. Thus, applying for many new credit card accounts within a short period of time lowers your score by several points.
The credit score is the measure of how you have handled credit in the past. Your credit score would determine whether you would qualify for a loan or a new line of credit. A credit score of 700 and above is considered as a good score. You can expect to qualify for loans at the best possible interest rate with a score ranging from 700 to 750. Keeping in mind the economic slowdown, maintaining a good credit score has become compulsory.